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World Trade
Organization

WT/DS58/R
(15 May 1998
(98-1710)

United States - Import Prohibition of Certain Shrimp and Shrimp Products

Report of the Panel

(Continued)


Cited by Dr. J. Frazier:

Ackerman, R.A., (1997), The nest environment and the embrionic development of sea turtles, in: P.L. Lutz and J. A. Musick (eds.), The Biology of Sea Turtles, CRC Press, New York, pp. 83-106.

Ahmed, F., (1997), In defense of land and livelihood: Coastal communities and the shrimp industry in Asia, in: Consumers� Association of Penang, CUSO, Inter pares, Sierra Club of Canada, Quebec, Canada, 34 pp.

Akande, G. and J. Tobor, (1995), Utilization of by-catch of shrimp in Nigeria, in: F. Teutscher (technical secretary), Report and Proceedings, TCDC Workshop, Utilization of By-Catch from Shrimp Trawlers, Nose Bé, Madagascar, 6-8 June 1995, Government of Madagascar, United Nations Development Programme, Food and Agriculture Organization, pp. 70-76.

Ali, A., S.S.S. Alwi and Suppachai A., (1997), Experiments on the use of turtle excluder devices (TEDs) in Malaysian waters, in: Regional Workshop on Responsible Fishing, Bangkok, Thailand, 24-27 June 1997, SEAFDEC/RESF/97/WP.7, 11 pp.

Ali, R.B., (1995a), The progress of selectivity studies in Malaysia, in: J. Prado and F. A. Rahman (eds.), FAO/INFOFISH/SEAFDEC, Workshop on Research in the Selectivity of Fishing Gear and Methods in South East Asia and Selective Shrimp Fishing, Chendering, Malaysia, 28-30 May 1995, FAO Fisheries Circular No. 902, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, p. 5.

Ali, R.B., (1995b), Shrimp trawl fishing methods in Malaysia, in: J. Prado and F.A. Rahman (eds.), FAO/INFOFISH/SEAFDEC, Workshop on Research in the Selectivity of Fishing Gear and Methods in South East Asia and Selective Shrimp Fishing, Chendering, Malaysia, 28-30 May 1995, FAO Fisheries Circular No. 902, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, pp. 11-13.

Alverson, D.L., M.H. Freeberg, S.A. Murawski and J.G. Pope, (1994), A global assessment of fisheries bycatch and discards, in: FAO Fisheries Technical Paper 339, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, xxi + 236 pp.

Alverson, D.L. and S.E. Hughes, (1995), Bycatch: From emotion to effective natural resource management, in: T. Wray (technical editor), Solving Bycatch: Considerations for Today and Tommorrow, University of Alaska Sea Grant College Program, Fairbanks, Alaska, pp. 13-28.

Alverson, R., (1995), Introduction, in: T. Wray (technical editor), Solving Bycatch: Considerations for Today and Tommorrow, University of Alaska Sea Grant College Program, Fairbanks, Alaska, p. 3.

Andrew, N.L. and J.G. Pepperell, (1992), The by-catch of shrimp trawl fisheries, in: A.D. Ansell and R.N. Gibson (eds.), Oceanography and Marine Biology, Annual Review, 30:527-565.

Anon, (1982), Migratory turtle threatened, Statesman, 7 December 1982.

Anon, (1985), Saving the ridley turtles, Statesman, 20 April 1985.

Anon, (1986), Rockets or ridleys? Oryx, 20(4).

Anon, (1992), Orissa jetty poses threat to sanctuary, The Telegraph, 29 December 1992.

Anon, (1996), Endangered turtles struggle to survive, Statesman, 9 January 1996.

Anon, (1997a), A breeding ground which has turned turtle, Pioneer, 7 February 1997.

Anon, (1997b), Over 5,000 olive ridleys, 10 dolphins die in 3 months, Sun Times, 23 March 1997.

Anon, (1997c), Mass killing of turtles in Orissa, Asian Age, 24 March 1997.

Anon, (1997d), Dead turtles found in Gahirmatha, Telegraph, 24 March 1997.

Anon, (1997e), High mortality of young turtles worries experts, Indian Express, 4 April 1997.

Anon, (1997f), Govt curbs to help Ridley turtle, Pioneer, 10 June 1997.

Anon, (1997g), Orissa plan to save sea turtles, Indian Express, 10 November 1997.

Anon, (1997h), Scientists, greens call for protection of olive ridley turtles, Sun Times, 10 November 1997.

Anon, (1997i), Shrinking rookery of turtles causes concern, Times of India, 10 November 1997.

Anon, (1997j), Gahirmatha, Indian Express, 12 November 1997.

Arauz, R., (1990), The importance of testing TED efficiency in Costa Rica, in: T. H. Richardson, J. I. Richardson and M. Donnelly (compilers), Proceedings of the Tenth Annual Symposium on Sea Turtle Biology and Conservation, U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Center, Miami, Florida, NMFS-SEFSC-278, pp. 51-53.

Arauz, R., (1996a), A description of the Central American shrimp fisheries with estimates of incidental capture and mortality of sea turtles, in: J.A. Keinath, D.E. Barnard, J.A. Musick and B.A. Bell (compilers), Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual Symposium on Sea Turtle Biology and Conservation, U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, Miami, Florida, NMFS-SEFSC-387, pp. 5-9.

Arauz, R., (1996b), Size of turtles captured along the western coast of Costa Rica during commercial shrimp operations, Sea Turtle Restoration Project, Tibás, Costa Rica, 3 pp.

Arauz, R., (1997), Letter to J. Frazier, 17 December 1997, 1 p.

Arauz, R., R. Vargas, I. Naranjo and C. Gamboa, (1997a), Analysis of the incidental capture and mortality of sea turtles in the shrimp fleet of Pacific Coasta Rica, Sea Turtle Restoration Project, Tibás, Costa Rica, 5 pp.

Arauz, R., I. Naranjo, R. Rojas and R. Vargas, (1997b), Evaluation of the Supper Shooter and Seymour turtle excluder devices with different deflector bar spacing in the shrimp fishery of Pacific Costa Rica, Sea Turtle Restoration Project, Tibás, Costa Rica, 13 pp.

Asrar [ne Firdous], F.F., (1995?), Marine turtles of Pakistan, Sind Wildlife Management Department, Karachi, 5 pp.

Auster, P.J., R.J. Malatesta, R.W. Langton, L. Watling, P.C. Valentine, C.L.S. Donaldson, E.W. Langton, A.N. Shepard and I.G. Babb, (1996), The impacts of mobile fishing gear on seafloor habitats in the Gulf of Maine (Northwest Atlantic): Implications for conservation of fish populations, Reviews in Fisheries Science, 4(2):185-202.

Bailey, C., (1985), The blue revolution: the impact of technological innovation on Third-World fisheries, The Rural Sociologist, 5(4): 259-266.

Bailey, C., (1986), Government protection of traditional resource use rights - the case of Indonesian fisheries, in: D.C. Korten (ed.), Community Management: Asian Experience and Perspectives, Kumarin Press, West Hartford, Conn, pp. 292-308.

Bailey, C., (1988a), The social consequences of tropical shrimp mariculture development, Ocean & Shoreline Management, 11:31-44.

Bailey, C., (1988b), Optimal development of Third World Fisheries, in: M.A. Morris (ed.), North-South Perspectives on Marine Policy, Westview Press, Boulder, Colorado, pp.105-128.

Bailey, C., (1988c), The political economy of fisheries development in the Third World, Agricultural and Human Values, 5(1&2):35-48.

Bailey, C., (1988d), The political economy of marine fisheries development in Indonesia, Indonesia, 46:25-38.

Bailey, C., (1989), Social issues in Third World fisheries development, in: J.S. Thomas, L. Maril and E.P. Durrenberger (eds.), Marine Resource Utilization: A Conference on Social Science Issues, University of South Alabama Publication Services, Mobile, Alabama, pp. 137-143.

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Balazs, G.H., (1982), Driftnets catch leatherback turtles, Oryx, 16(5):428-430.

Balazs, G.H., (1985), Impact of ocean debris on marine turtles: entanglement and ingestion, in: R.S. Shomura and H.O. Yoshida (eds.), Proceedings of the Workshop on the Fate and Impact of Marine Debris, U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-SWFSC-54, pp. 387-429.

Balazs, G.H., (1994), Homeward bound: Satellite tracking of Hawaiian green turtles from nesting beaches to foraging pastures, in: B.A. Schroeder and B.E. Witherington (compilers), Proceedings of the Thirteenth Annual Symposium on Sea Turtle Biology and Conservation, U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Center, Miami, Florida, NMFS-SEFSC-341 pp.

Balazs, G.H. and J.A. Wetherall, (1991), Assessing impacts of North Pacific high-seas driftnet fisheries on marine turtles: Progress and problems, presented at: North Pacific Driftnet Scientific Review Meeting; Sidney, British Columbia, Canada, 11-14 June 1991, 15 pp.

Balazs, G.H., P. Craig, B.R. Winßton and R.K. Miya, (1994), Satellite telemetry of green turtles nesting at French Frigate shoals, Hawaii, and Rose Atoll, American Samoa, in: K.A. Bjorndal, A.B. Bolten, D.A. Johnson and P.J. Eliazar (compilers), (1994), Proceedings of the Fourteenth Annual Symposium on Sea Turtle Biology and Conservation, U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Center, Miami, Florida, NMFS-SEFSC-351, pp. 184-187.

Balzas, G.H., D.M. Ellis, W.G. Gilmartin and L.K. Katahira, (1997), Use of satellite telemetry to determine the migratory routes and resident foraging habitats of nesting hawksbill turtles: A case study in the Hawaiian Islands, in: The International Workshop on the Management of Marine urtles, 3-4 February 1997, Kuta, Bali, Indonesia, 10 p.

Balzas, G.H. and D.M. Ellis, in press, Satellite telemetry of migrant male and female green turtles breeding in the Hawaiian Islands, In: Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Symposium on Sea Turtle Biology and Conservation, U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Center, Miami, Florida, NMFS-SEFSC.

Balzas, G.H, L.K. Katahira and D.M. Ellis, in press, Satellite tracking of hawksbill turtles nesting in the Hawaiian Islands, in: Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Symposium on Sea Turtle Biology and Conservation, U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Center, Miami, Florida, NMFS-SEFSC.

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Behera, C., (1997a), Ref. No. TED/PS-97, date 20.3.97, Survey & video recording of mass killing of olive ridley sea turtles in the Gahirmatha coast by Project Swarajya on 18th & 19th of March �97 (The survey and video recording of mass killing of olive ridley sea turtles in the Gahirmatha beach under the Bhitarkanika Wildlife Sanctuary on 18th & 19th of March �97 by Project Swarajya, Cuttack: A Brief Report, Project Swarajya, Cuttack, Orissa, India.), 5 pp.

Behera, C., (1997b), Letter to J. Frazier, 7.4.1997, 1 p.

Behera, C., (1997c), Letter to Earth Island Institute, 8.4.97, 2 pp.

Bjorndal, K.A., (1997), Foraging ecology and nutrition of sea turtles, in: P.L. Lutz and J.A. Musick (eds.), The Biology of Sea Turtles, CRC Press, New York, pp. 199-231.

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Bostock, T. and J. Ryder, (1995), By-catch usage in India: An NRI/ODA BOBP project experience, in: F. Teutscher (technical secretary), Report and Proceedings, TCDC Workshop, Utilization of By-Catch from Shrimp Trawlers, Nose Bé, Madagascar, 6-8 June 1995, Government of Madagascar, United Nations Development Programme, Food and Agriculture Organization, pp. 40-50.

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Bowen, B.W. and S.A. Karl, (1997), Population genetics, phyogeography, and molecular evolution, in: P.L. Lutz and J.A. Musick (eds.), The Biology of Sea Turtles. CRC Press, New York, pp. 29-50.

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Chan, E.H., (1991), Sea turtles, in: R. Kiew (ed.), The State of Nature Conservation in Malaysia, Malayan Nature Society, Kuala Lumpur, pp. 120-134.

Chan, E.-H. and H.-C. Liew, (1986), Characteristics of an exploited tropical shallow-water demersal fish community in Malaysia, in: J.L. Maclean, L.B. Dizon and L.V. Hosillos (eds.), Proceedings of the First Asian Fisheries Forum, 26-31 May 1986, Manila, Asian Fisheries Society, pp. 349-352.

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Chan, E.H. and H.C. Liew, (1996b), A management plan for the green and hawksbill turtle populations of the Sabah turtle islands, A Report to Sabah Parks.

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Chee, P.-E., (1997), A review of the bycatch and discards in the fisheries of Southeast Asia, in: I.J. Clucas and D.G. James (eds.), (19979, Papers presented at the technical consultation on Reduction of Wastage in Fisheries, Tokyo, Japan, 28 October - 1 November 1996, FAO Fisheries Report, No. 547, Supplement, Rome, FAO, pp. 257-270.

Choudhury, B.C., in press, Country Report: India, Proceedings of the Northern Indian Ocean Sea Turtle Workshop and Strategic Planning Session, Bhubaneshwar, Orissa, India, 13-18 January 1997.

Christian, P.A. and D.L. Harrington, (1988), Soft turtle excluder device (TED) testing at Cape Canaveral, Florida, in: B.A. Schroeder (compiler), Proceedings of the Eighth Annual Workshop on Sea Turtle Biology and Conservation, U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Center, Miami, Florida, NOAA Tec. Mem. NMFS-SEFC-214, pp.7-10.

CIEL (Center for International Environmental Law), (1997), Amicus Brief to the Panel on United States - Import Prohibition of Certain Shrimp and Shrimp Imports, Center for Marine Conservation, Red Nacional de Acción Ecológica, The Environmental Foundation Ltd., and The Philippine Ecological Network, (vi), iii + 39 pp.

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Clucas, I.J., (1997a), Reduction of fish wastage - an introduction, in: I.J. Clucas and D.G. James (eds.), (1997), Papers presented at the technical consultation on Reduction of Wastage in Fisheries, Tokyo, Japan, 28 October-1 November 1996, FAO Fisheries Report, No. 547, Supplement, Rome, FAO, pp. 1-14.

Clucas, I.J., (1997b), The utilisation of bycatch/discards, in: I.J. Clucas and D.G. James (eds.), 1997, Papers presented at the technical consultation on Reduction of Wastage in Fisheries, Tokyo, Japan, 28 October-1 November 1996, FAO Fisheries Report, No. 547, Supplement, Rome, FAO, pp. 59-67.

Clucas, I., (1997c), A study of the options for utilization of bycatch and discards for marine capture fisheries, FAO Fisheries Circular, No. 928, Rome, FAO, 59 pp.

Clucas, I.J. and D.G. James (eds.), (1997), Papers presented at the technical consultation on Reduction of Wastage in Fisheries, Tokyo, Japan, 28 October-1 November 1996, FAO Fisheries Report, No. 547, Supplement, Rome, FAO, 338 pp.

Cornelius, S.E., (1982), Status of sea turtles along the Pacific coast of middle America, in: K.A. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and Conservation of Sea Turtles (revised edition), Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C. pp. 211-219.

Crowder, L.B., D.T. Crouse, S.S. Heppell and T.H. Martin, (1994), Predicting the impact of turtle excluder devices on loggerhead sea turtle populations, Ecological Applications 4(3):437-445.

Crowder, L.B., S.R. Hopkins-Murphy and J.A. Royle, (1995), Effects of turtle excluder devices (TEDs) on loggerhead sea turtle strandings with implications for conservation, Copeia, 1995(4):773-779.

Crouse, D., (1996), Message sent to "readers of CTURTLE, subject: Malaysian headstarting announcement, 4 November 1996, Center for Marine Conservation, Washington, D.C. 3 pp.

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Dash, M.C. and C.S. Kar, The Turtle Paradice: Gahirmatha, Interprint, New Delhi, 295 pp.

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DENR (Department of Environment and Natural Resources, The Philippines) and WRI (World Resources Institute, United States), (1997), Conservation and Sustainable use of coastal and marine biological diversity - The way forward, A view from Southeast Asia, Recommendions from the southease Asia Regional Workshop on Marine Biodiversity and the Convention on Biolgocial Diversity, October 24-25, 1996, Subic Bay, the Phillippines, To the Thrid Meeting of the Subsidiary Body on scientific, Technical, and Technological Adivce (SBSTTA), September 1-5, 1997, Montreal, Canada, 10 pp.

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Dickson, J.O., (1997), Study on turtle excluder and by-catch reduction devices in the Philippines, Regional Workshop on Responsible Fishing, Bangkok, Thailand, 24-27 June 1997, SEAFDEC/RESF/97/WP.6, 22 pp.

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di Silva, G.S., (1982), The status of sea turtle population in East Malaysia and the South China Sea, in: K.A. Bjorndal (ed.), Biology and Conservation of Sea Turtles, Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C., pp. 327-337.

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To Continue With Annex III